How Reliable Are Ofsted Reports as a Measure of School Effectiveness? Essay

This designation examines the reliability of Ofsted judgements that were made on trail X in 2009 and 2012. It bequeath discuss how the two inspections were carried step forward-were they carried out in the akin way? Were they matte up to be fair?School X is a large 3-11 conglomerate inculcate with 35.1 % of pupils who are eligible for free school meals FSM. The pupils are in the first place Pakistani, Indian and Bangladeshi. The proportion of special educational necessarily and alter pupils is resembling to some another(prenominal) national schools. The attainment and progress in both side of meat and mathematics meet the current government types. (Ofsted report 2012).How Ofsted reach an boilers suit judgment or so(predicate) school effectiveness?The testers reach the over totally judgments by considering the four key areas exertion of pupils, the reference of teaching, behavior and safety, leadership and management. testers besides consider the quality of the curriculum and how the spiritual, moral, social and cultural development of pupils at the school. They will besides look if the school is meeting the individual needs in per centumicular the needs of special educational needs and disabled pupils. The judgment they make is ground on the overall essay they gathering from their observation, parents, pupils, oppugns and the intensify online, which is a secure web-based system that provides schools, local authorities and inspectors with a range of analyses includingAchievement at the end of Key Stages 1 and 2 Progress from Key Stage 1 to 2 Absence and exclusions and The characteristics (often referred to as context) of pupils. (Dave Thomson, RM Education, 2011).In addition, their judgments on the quality of teaching are based not only on class elbow room observations snapshots, but they are overly checking pupils books, sequences of work, pupils academic progress and parents perspectives on their childrens progress.Ofsted A sum mary of Evidence.Ofsted judgements on teaching through classroom observations face several challenges. First, there is the Hawthorne effect, whereby the pupils or the teacher ability change their behaviour because an inspector in the room is a novel experience (Cohen and Manion 1994, Robson 2011). Additionally, Grubb (1999) stated that teachers complain that it is hard for inspectors to rate a full lesson from a snapshot as the un detect part of the lesson may be crucial to interpreting what is happening in the observed part of the lesson. However, the above-mentioned methods that inspectors used to make a judgment on the quality of teaching mush be considered.According to Mr Jonathan Harris, as cited in the report from the Education sub-committee (1999), he was critical of possible changeability of judgements among inspections team where he argued that distinguishable inspection teams could make different judgments some the same school in the inspection reports which he stated insufferable. Thus, there is no evidence which guarantee that Ofsted judgments are reliable. It is not in effect(p) a matter of reliability as far as the rigour of data concerned too. As Gorard (2009) points out, if the initial relative error in either the actual or the predicted score is great than 10%, as it almost certainly would be in reality, the error in the shot result would be even greater than this, 40 magazines more than than the size of the result itself., which makes serious doubts around the validity of the data.On the other hand, Ofsted hang on raising expectations and the criteria used by Ofsted which are shown in appendices 1-3 could be one of the causes that the school has a satisfactory in 2009.Figure 1 It is also necessary to consider the fact that Her Majestys Chief Inspector raises expectations to find a near(a) education for all focusing on the quality of teaching the heart of good education. Thus, a proposition was conducted to improve the education system. (A Good Education for All .2012). Thus, in the freshly framework it was stated that, Schools will be judged on a small number of core aspects than before, but we will be examining them in greater depth. The changes will result in more streamlined inspections, with fewer judgments and grades, guide to sharper reports on the quality of education provided by schools and the most master(prenominal) aspects of their performance. (Ofsted new framework 2012).Ofsted judgments on the schoolOfsted judgements on School XFigure 1Figure 1 shows the Ofsted grades for School X in 2006, 2009 and 2012.In each report, the first three judgments of overall effectiveness, achievement of pupils and quality of teaching were habituated the same grade.The common theme that was increase in all of the reports was about the quality of teaching. For instance, in 2006 they asked the school to ensure the good quality of teaching across the school. In 2009, they said raise the proportion of good an d outstanding teaching. In 2012, they said raise the quality of teaching through appropriate questions that cover different needs of different pupils. First of all, it was the same comment written differently each time and the last one they pointed how.Discussion and description (Schools perspective).Having considered the above-mentioned arguments about Ofsted judgments, it is also important to discuss the validity and reliability of the above-mentioned judgments. An interview was constructed to find the school views towards these judgments.The representative Head of School X points out that, children vary in their abilities each year and intrustd that Ofsted do not clutch this into account. She argued that when the school went down from outstanding down to satisfactory to good, it was because they had a push-down store of special needs children ,consequently, they were not able to get up to the standard of the government at that time. Although, the students made progress in Key stratum 2 but they did not meet the government standards. (School Data include Appendix 4 & 5).Before considering how the two inspections were carried out, it is important to grade that the inspectors in general are subjective people not objective. The deputy sheriff head mentioned this particular Ofsted inspector who came in 2009, he walked through the doorsill on the first day and said I am Mr, so and so, if I had come to your school six months ago, I would have given you an unsatisfactory school and put you in special measures. That clears straightaway that he is not on their side as he had this thought in mind. She also mat that they were making negative judgments not positive judgments about what they are seeing in the school. Indeed, the Deputy Head gave an example of that when the inspector went around the school then said to the Head teacher,Where is the White position Board showing the Culture of the White English indigents people in Britain?The Head teacher and the Deputy Head felt that the way the inspection went wasnt fair. First, they received a call from the segment of education the next morning as the notes went to a moderator who looked at the evidence then changed the curriculum from unsatisfactory to satisfactory. Second, within the next two old age they received another call from the inspector himself saying that he has changed leaders and management from satisfactory to good. As (Gibbon and Forster, 1999) point out, Ofsted revealed that there is no issue on who inspect the school and when, but, if two inspectors inspect the same school, the lesson, or the department, and they there was a variation in their judgments. Which inspector do we intend? Then, the Head teacher and the Deputy Head found out in the internet that fifteen schools with the same lead inspector that had the same convey comments in their reports as if they cut and paste the same comment in other reports.The National Association of Head Teachers general secret ary Russell rocking horse said he had heard anecdotal reports of cut and paste reports, adding much(prenominal) a practice was not acceptable given that the fate of the school rests on what is written.BBC News.In contrast, the Deputy Head mentioned that the 2012 inspector was fabulous, open-minded looking at for good things, the inspector said,This is a good school, you are improving school, I bunghole see your results are going up, they are not instead national, yet, as soon I walked through this door I can feel this is a good school and I want to hold up what you are doing good? How can you prove this? Where is the information for that? In this respect, the Deputy Head argued that it depends on the inspector who comes around. However, these remain opinions of people as we cannot kickshaw them as objective fact. Also, we cannot assume that all inspectors are subjective people because people look at things from different angles. For instance, if two inspectors attend the same lesson together and each one has his own believes about teaching, one of them might grade a teacher centered lesson as satisfactory and the other one sees it from a totally different angle.Conclusion.The leaders of this school believe they were judged unfairly and that general evidence on Ofsted points to the risks of unreliable judgements. As Ofsted keep raising the expectation it would be hard for a school to be outstanding as it would be rarely possible to find a school with a big proportion of an outstanding quality teaching. Thus, schools should be flexible and understand that the aim of Ofsted is to improve education for children which is what school is all about. Teaching is the core of school improvement and schools should raise the proportion of good and outstanding teaching.ReferencesCut and Paste Ofsted cut through Claims. BBC News. BBC, 06 Aug. 2012. Retrieved from http//www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-18353533Cohen, L. & Manion, L. (1994).Research Methods in Education . London Routledge.Gibbon, C, T & Forster, N, J, S. (1999). Is Ofsted Helpful? In C. Cullingford (Ed.), An inspector calls (pp. 97-118) Harlow Longman.Gorard, S. (2010).Serious Doubts about school effectiveness British Educational Research Journal, 365,745-766.Grubb, N. (1999). good or control?. In C. Cullingford (Ed.), An inspector calls (pp. 70-96). Harlow Longman.Ofsted 2006 inspection Report for School XOfsted 2009 inspection Report for School XOfsted 2012 inspection Report for School XOfsted. A Good Education for ALL. Feb. 2012. Retrieved from http//www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/good-education-for-allRobson, C. (2011). Real existence Research. United Kingdom WileyTHE EDUCATION SUB-COMMITTEE. THE WORK OF OFSTED. Rep. no. 4. UK Parliamentary, 1999. Retrieved from http//www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199899/cmselect/cmeduemp/62/6212.htmThe Framework for School Inspection from September 2012. Ofsted. 05 Sept. 2012. Retrieved from http//www.ofsted.gov.uk/resources/framework- for-school-inspection-september-2012-UKThomson, Dave. RAISE online for governors of. Rep. UK National Governors

Life of Pi Analysis Essay

A. Example oneIn the too soon stages of animation of Pi, Martel mentions a place that Pi and Ravi had gone to visit dapple on vacation. While looking aimlessly through the window, they noticed common chord hills. On top of one hill was a catholic church, other a Hindu temple, and the other a Muslim mosque. Each hill portrays for to each one one of the religions in Pis complex faith. The hills represent Pis struggles to understand each religion. Later on, we find out that Pi is caught in between these three religions. He couldnt completely slue any of the religions, so each one kept hawkish for a place in his brio. In How to involve Literature wish a Professor, Foster rep beatedly says how symbols usually have more than one thinkable meaning. So another mathematical meaning for the three hills is that each of the warring religions has a different part in his life. The religions argon separated by being on each hill, but they live simultaneously in the same general area. Just as, in Pis life, each religion has its separate area of his sagaciousness, but they all partake in his life.B. Example 2In How to Read Literature like a Professor, Foster also talks about allegories. The relationship between the tiger and Pi eject be considered an allegory. A lot of the time dog-tired on the boat is the classic fight of good vs. vicious. Pi, assistn as a naive child who could do no wrong, takes the role of the good character. Richard Parker represents the unusedcat well dark side and takes the role of evil. As the story progresses you see that each could not survive without the other. Richard Parker showed Pi that he could not have survived by being the sweet faultless male child who could not kill and eat a fish. Pi showed Richard Parker that he is inferior to Pi by procreation him and getting him food. The battle between the two at the beginning digressed to a mutual realization that good cannot always conquer evil and evil cannot always conquer goo d. Its the plain truth without Richard Parker, I wouldnt be alive today to tell you my story. (Martel, 164)C. Example 3colors play a very important role in Life of Pi. The color orangish represents hope and survival. He had an orangeness life buoy and an orange whistle. If there hadnt been a life buoy, I wouldnt have lasted a minute. (Martel, 117) There was an orange tarpaulin that he secured himself in on the life boat. All of these objects helped him survive the sinking and gave him hope for proximo survival. Richard Parker mightve been the biggest thing keeping him alive, and he was a 450 pound orange Bengal tiger. Orange is the color of Hinduism as well which shows how religion still gives him hope. The near color is green. It is the symbolic color of Islam. Muslims believe that green represents home and safety. The alga Island was a blinding green and kept him safe from starvation for a day and let him be on solid ground like his home. Green and orange represent two of the three religions that kept Pi fighting for life. Green gave him safety and a sense of home and orange gave him hope for survival.2. Chapter 5 Now, Where Have I Seen Her Before?A. Example 1Theres no such thing as a wholly original work of literature. (Foster, Chapter 5) Foster presented the idea that, knowingly or not, every author takes ideas from other stories and twists them into their own. In the case of Life of Pi, Yann Martel may not have been thinking about any other circumstance piece of literature, but Life of Pi, specifically the sinking of the Tsimtsum, is very mistakable to a very famous story known as big. The Titanic was an enormous ship that was thought never to sink in a million years. According to piscine, the Tsimtsum could not sink either. For days the ship had pushed on, bullishly negligent to its surroundings. The sun shone, rain fell, winds blew, currents flowed, the sea built up hills, the sea remove up valleysthe Tsimtsum did not care. (Martel, Chapt er 38) But nonetheless, both the Tsimtsum and the Titanic ended up at the bottom of the ocean with a great fight.B. Example 2Later in the story, Pi reveals a second interpretation of the septet month journey. He replaces the brutes with hu existences like his mother and the cook. In this side, Pi portrays himself as the ferocious tiger, Richard Parker, essentially becoming his doppelganger. While Pi was on the inescapable lifeboat, he was trapped with Richard Parker. In accordance to Fosters idea that no literature is original, this version could be extremely comparable to(predicate) to The Picture of Dorian Gray and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. In The Picture of Dorian Gray, Dorian is forced to deal with an evil side of him aft(prenominal) he trades his life for youth. In Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Jekyll accidentally creates a concoction that gives him another personality called Mr. Hyde who commits crimes and can easily be named evil. In all three cases, the protagonist is go abou t with an uncontrollable alternate personality.C. Example 3Another obvious equivalence is the fairy tale Beauty and the Beast. One can clearly see the resemblance between Life of PI and Beauty and the Beast if they turn the plot of both stories. Pi is a standard Indian boy with a somewhat eccentric father who goes through a series of unfortunate events. These events somehow lead to him being stuck in a lifeboat with a Bengal tiger. With time, the tiger becomes his friend and his savior from other wild animals. Belle is a normal young woman with an unusual father. She is also dragged through a series of unfortunate events in which she finds herself stranded in the middle of a timberland kept in a castle with another unidentified wild beast that also saves her from a pack of wild dogs and also stepwise becomes her mean friend and lifelong companion. It is easily assumed that piscine and Belle, and Richard Parker and Beast, are the same. The point is this stories grow out of ot her stories, poems out of other poems. (Foster, Chapter 5)3. Chapter 26 Is He Serious? And Other IroniesA. Example 1In How to Read Literature like a Professor, Foster says, Irony trumps everything. (Foster, Chapter 26) I was named after a swimming pool. Quite peculiar considering my parents never took to water. (Martel, Chapter 3) Water is the fixings of torture in Pis existence. The very basics of Piscines life are ironic. He is named after a swimming pool, but throughout the early parts of his life, he is tortured because of his name. His parents and the lie down of his family are killed by drowning after a shipwreck. He spends the most concentrated seven months of his life surrounded by water. During that time, he comes close to dying(p) of dehydration because he has no water to drink. The whole time he has an abundance of water, but since it is salt water, it will only make his station worse. He needs water to live, but it has been the main factor in most of the traged ies he has experienced. The irony of Pis relationship with water trumps everything else in the book, just as Foster said it would.B. Example 2It seemed the presence of a tiger had saved me from a hyena- surely a textbook example of jumping from the frying pan into the fire. (Martel 136) It is ironic that the tiger, the animal thought to pose the most danger, saves him from the less dangerous hyena. It is thought that Richard Parker would be the end of Pi because he is the most ferocious animal, but instead he becomes Pis savior from the other animals. It is ironic that at the beginning of the book, Pi and the rest of the people surrounding him have violence over the animals. Just beyond the ticket booth Father had painted on the wall in bright red letters the motility DO YOU KNOW WHICH IS THE MOST DANGEROUS ANIMAL IN THE menagerie? An arrow pointed to a small curtain. There were so many eager, mirthful hands that pulled at the curtain that we had to replace it regularly. Behind it was a mirror. (Martel 31) Pi came from a world where he was always in a stake of superiority, but now on the boat, he is helpless and inferior to the tiger and the other animals. I am alone and orphaned, in the middle of the Pacific, intermission onto an oar, an adult tiger in front of me, sharks beneath me, and a beset raging above me. (Martel 107)C. Example 3At the start of the book, Piscine is seen as a sweet desolate nave boy. In his mind and religions, doing bad things never led to good things, so he remained innocent and faultless. He held doing the right thing and never the wrong very close to him. Ironically, all of his values went out the window by the end of the book. At first he wouldnt eat meat because of his religions, but his food on the boat was fish. Murder used to be the worst possible thing someone could do, but he murdered the other man on the lifeboat in order to stay alive. He loved beau ideal and his religions so much, but he finds himself screami ng and yelling at God. In all of these instances, he loses his innocence, morals, and everything he treasured before the wreck, but without qualification the hard decisions he had, he wouldnt have survived. In a way, his loss of innocence is what kept him alive.

I Hate About You is a relocation of the Taming

The Taming of the Shrew relocated to full(prenominal) check? gill Gunners 10 Things I Hate About You is undoubtedly more(prenominal) mixed than a motility of Shakespearian The Taming of the Shrew into high school. The transformation of Shakespe atomic number 18an clowning Into the teen flick genre and the integration of Elizabethan set alter the film to be a victorious relocation of the play, yet the incorporation of modern sexual activity rules discerns it as something more than a relocation. The culmination of these facets get to a cinematic masterpiece that draws parallelism to Shrew In a womens liberationist post.The transformation of Shrews comedic genre into the teen genre in 10 Things facilitates its relocation into high school. In Shrew, comedy revolves around the physical violence upon Kate, deception, and a play on words. The sight of a shrew physically subdued by a man would have been humorous to an Elizabethan audience. Humor is likewise evident in Epithet ic and Skates verbal battle, where elaborate puns argon constructed. Wo men are do to bear and so are you (11. 1. 200). Here, Epithetic twists the word bear into meaning giving childbirth, and so twisting Skates Insults Into Innuendo. Influenced by the teen genre and the rise of fearfulness. N 10 Things, comedy exists verbally and in stereotypical teenage experiences. Ms Perks attempt to advert an erotic scene in her novel is recount of verbal humor, connatural to Pediatrics drill of puns. The concept of growing up is embodied in Cats antisocial behavior. Described as a heinous blotch, her unfriendly carriage Illustrates her inability to accept her adolescence, such as dating. This is emphasized in the company scene, where the childhood swings she is sitting on Juxtapose against the adolescent party kin In the background. The modern adaptation also explores teenage dating. Dating forms the innovation of comedy.Blanch feels the urge to date for the purpose of fitting in to t eenage culture. In the words, Im the only girl that doesnt date, Bianca suggests that her motivation for dating is due to peer pressure. The beguile of peer pressure is also apparent in other movies found on a teen genre, such as Grease (1978) and The eat Club (1985). By appealing directly to teenage audiences through gross experiences, Shakespearean comedy is relocated into high school. The integration of bullion and posture as Elizabethan values into 10 Things contributes to It being a successful relocation of Shrew.In Shakespearean comedy, marriage Is an opportunity for the men to acquire wealth and Increase their social status. Pedicurists motives for journeying to Pad are solely to unify the daughter of an affluent father to increase his own wealth and status, or as he expresses it, to Wives and thrive (1. 11. 42). The simplicity of Petroleums Intentions accentuates the ease to which It can be accomplished, and thence suggests that marriage Is a game signed and played b y the men. These values are incorporated into the teen adaptation by alternating the setting into high school.By incorporating the teen Shakespearean work, dating is a tool used to gain money and popularity. Cameron and Michaels plot to use Joey, a wealthy Coco, to bribe Patrick to date Kate is evidence of this. While this increases Patriots money and allows Cameron and Joey to date Bianca, it also enables Michael to be cool by association to popular people, thus increasing his status among the school hierarchy. In such, the men benefit while the omen become puppets in a manlike plot. The similarities between money and status in Shrew and 10 Things get out a parallel course to which both texts extend.The distinction in sexual urge conventions between 10 Things and Shrew is crucial in demonstrating that the modern adaption is more complicated than a high school relocation of the play. In Elizabethan England, women were the property of their men and were expected to loyally serve them. This convention is adequately expressed in Shakespearean gambling, culminating in Skates entrance speech. In such, the use of juxtaposition comparing women to men in the words, l see our lances are but straws/ Our strength as weak, our weakness past compare, (V. I. 173-174) illustrates female submission to male superiority in a patriarchal society. In precondition of Skates violent behavior, her acknowledgement of female servitude undermines her shrewish nature, and therefore demonstrates that she is tamed. Elizabethan gender conventions are transformed to a more feminist and less sexist perspective in the movie, dictated by modern attitudes towards women. Women in 10 Things josses more control of themselves and exert greater influence, such as Bananas manipulation to allure her sister to date.Similar to Kate, Kate is a young independent woman who strongly supports feminism. In the words, Why should I live up to other peoples expectations except for my own, Kate demonstrat es she is untouched from social oppression. In contrast to Pedicurists use of physical violence of taming Kate, Patrick uses graciousness to tame the wild beast and socially conform her. The change in gender conventions while maintaining a similar characterization of Kate compels the elm to be a relocation of the play but in a more feminist outlook. 0 Things I Hate About You is a high school relocation of The Taming of the Shrew in a feminist viewpoint. The incorporation of the teen movie genre and the values of money and status in the movie witness the plays relocation into high school, while the change in gender conventions provides a more feminist perspective of the movie. The modern adaptation moves away from its misogynist basis and entertains a teenage audience by transforming aspects of Shakespearean drama into common adolescent experiences.

Alcohol Laws

Three days ago, i attended the burial notice of my best friend. Not only do we do everything together, we have fuck off family.Our parents were mates in college so the legacy continued with the children. We went to the same preschool, high gear school and as we planned it, we went to the same university. Jack did not snap off of any sickness neither was he murdered he, like numerous Ameri shadows, lost his life in a highway accident as a result of drunk parkway.In this essay, I get out be do an exposition into intoxicant iniquity and the problems that come with it. I allow also explain the extent to which this vice has eaten up into our lives as a nation.Furtherto a greater extent, I will examine the major alcoholic beverage laws in the States and probing into if these laws have actually helped in curbing the problems associated with alcohol rehearse. I will also be making a comparison of the DUI laws in each(prenominal) state and how this directly or indirectly tells on the extent in which people debauch alcohol in these states. Finally, I will be using Las Vegas as a point of reference for alcohol abuse the DUI laws that exist in the state, the peoples disposition towards alcohol use and the effect that this lifestyle has on the people of the state.For the purpose of clarity of this essay, it will suffice to make a conceptual definition of the major damage that will be used in this essay. Alcohol abuse can be defined as the act that involves the use of alcohol in an immoderate manner turning into an unhealthy habit. Alcohol abuse is not the aspiration of alcohol but the intake of alcohol everyday or exuberantly at a time.Many people confuse alcohol abuse to alcoholism. Alcohol abuse as an act is slight severe to alcoholism. Although twain of them are alcohol disorders, alcoholism is an extreme form of alcohol intake that leads a person to alcohol dependence a state where an soulfulness develops unusual cravings for alcohol, uncontrolla ble consumption of alcohol, physical dependence on alcohol to feel alright and tolerance.Alcohol abuse as an act is typified when an individual who is nether the influence of alcohol is involved in some life gravid activities like driving and other activities that pose a threat on the life of the individual and people around him/her.The term DUI simply correct is an acronym for Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol. In States in America, DUI is an alcohol laws that is driven as a way of reducing casualties of highway accidents.This is determined by a test done on the blood of the person incriminate of the DUI offence. Although every state has a form of DUI laws that seek to keep alcohol consumers in check, the intensity of this law differ from one state to another. patch some states have stricter and almost non-tolerant DUI laws, the DUI laws in other states are less strict and tolerant.The two hundred1 survey shows 25 million (one in ten) Americans surveyed describe driving under the influence of alcohol. This report is nearly terce million more than the previous year. Among three-year-old adults age 18 to 25 years, almost 23% drove under the influence of alcohol (Drugs-rehabs.org, 2002).Alcohol abuse in America is not an individual problem but a national one. In America, alcohol remains the number 1 drug problem we face. harmonize to statistics gotten from a study do in 2000, an average American consumes all over 25 gallons of beer, 2 gallons of wine and 1.5 gallons of distilled spirits every year (Drugs-rehabs.org, 2002).Apart from this, it was spy that The American government spends over $100 million in health care on alcohol and alcohol related problems. Perhaps the most offend of these statistics is the fact that over 15 million people are restricted on alcohol and of these number, 500 000 fall between the ages of 9 and 12.Alcohol has made a nuisance of many families in America. As statistics have it that three out of four of cases of spou se violent victim incidents happened as a result of alcohol use/abuse by the offender. Apart from this, it is reported that four in ten criminal offenders blame alcohol as reason for their violent behaviour. The younger generation are not excluded from this madness. In the same report, it is alleged that students in America spend over $5.5 million on alcohol.This accounts for double of what they spend on beverages books and milk combined. In access to this, it was reported in a survey done in 200 that about 7 million persons between the ages of 12 to 20 was an excessive drinker (drug-rehab.org, 2002). With the death toll statistics by alcohol abuse boost each year, we are faced with a problem that we ourselves caused with our very give birth hands. We have become a prisoner of our own decisions and every day, individual someplace in America has to pay the price.Alcohol has been woven into the fibres of our lives. Everyday, someone somewhere is organism lured into the populatio n of alcohol consumers. Each year, a typical young person in the United States is inundated with more than 1,000 commercials for beer and wine coolers and several(prenominal) thousand fictional drinking incidents on television (drug-rehab.org, 2002).With the society being infused with this unhealthy habit, the family is the first contact of a victim to alcohol usage. consort to drug-rehab.org, about 43% of Americans have been exposed to alcoholism in their families spot growing up so they grow up consuming alcohol.

Prominent Philadelphia lawyer Essay

1. doubting doubting Thomas Abraham Clark, the son of a prominent Philadelphia lawyer, was born to ingrained wealthiness. He was educated at home by private tutors, and entered local anaesthetic politics at a very early age. He curtly rose to the top of his state in politics. Having traveled extensively in Europe, he is obsessed with the tyranny of European judicatures. He has corresponded with Samuel Adams, Richard Henry Lee, Patrick Henry, and Thomas Jefferson. He is convinced that a tough disposal headed by a king is and has been, the curse of firearmkind through prohibited history. Under the Articles of fusion, Thomass law practice has prospered, but he is tingeed over the sublime value of some colonial currency. Thomas Abraham Clark is a A.FederalistB.Anti-FederalistC. openedThomas Abraham Clark is outflank categorized as an Anti-Federalist. He is fearful of the tyranny of strong, centralized administration. Thomas is also established as a political leader at the state level. He has corresponded with, aligned with prominent anti-federalists of his time. He is satisfied with the Articles of Confederation (anti-federalist agreement). His only concern that links him to Federalism is that of inflated value of some colonial currency (i.e., a federally regulated monetary system would cite this issue).2. Josiah bartlett pear was born the son of a farmer. He has little ceremonious schooling, but has read extensively. At twelve, Josiah left home to serve an apprenticeship as a cooper. By the age of eighteen, Josiah set out to make his denounce in his state. Working as an overseer on small plantations, he soon saved enough money to begin buying add of his own, and by 1775 he owned half the land in his state. kind of than operating large scale and exclusively slave plantations, Josiah invested in little farms operated by indentured servants. He ships a great deal of cotton wool to Europe. His stinting interests are threatened not only by tipsy c urrency, but by high tariffs and taxes imposed by neighboring states. Josiah Bartlett is a A.FederalistB.Anti-FederalistC.UndecidedJosiah Bartlett would be viewed as a Federalist. Although he is a self-made made man from humble beginningsnot the typical visibility of the Federalistshe has financial concerns about the unstable and inconsistent frugal bodily structure of a loose confederacy that may affect his overseas merchandise stage business. A more stable national economic system, afforded by Federalism, would be in his opera hat interest.3. Edward Heyward is a member of the landed magnanimousness of Georgia, his whole wealth came from the inheritance of large tracts of land. Heyward, wish surface most of the tidy sum in his state, is extremely provincial in his outlook, having had little contact with foreigners outside his state, former(a) than slave traders. His lack of contact with the outside world and his relative wealth have convinced Edward that things have gone splendidly after independence from Britain. His concerns are the Indian tribes of Western Georgia. They are well organized and ably led. Since he has considerable money invested in western land, he would equivalent to see a coupled effort against the Indians. Edward Heyward is a A.FederalistB.Anti-FederalistC.UndecidedEdward Heyward may best be classified as undecided. He is satisfied with the governance of the Articles of Confederation. Edward doesnt deal in interstate or overseas commerce, so the economic/monetary regulations possible through Federalism are not a concern of his. He is concerned about the possibility of an Indian uprising in his home of Georgia and how that might affect him financially. His support for a united stand for control of Indian aggression would be indicative of Federalism, as the U.S. Army would come to be the force used against such aggression.4. Patrick ONeil was born in Hanover County, Virginia. He was largely self-educated. From 1751 until 1760 he was an unsuccessful shopkeeper andfarmer. Notoriously indifferent to his private fortunes and ineffectual in his own business, he has made the public his main concern. He is a great rhetorician and by some is called the voice of the rough-cut man. During the Revolution he served in the House of Burgesses and as governor of Virginia. He was a member of the rootage faction which opposed the King before the revolution, and on a effect of occasions swore he would give up his life before his freedom. He has continuously thought of himself as a common man. He feels the right ons of the people must be comforted from all privileged classes, and he has always been a champion of popular rights. A.FederalistB.Anti-FederalistC.UndecidedPatrick ONeil is an Anti-Federalist. He is a desirous supporter of popular rights and the interests of the common man. ONeil is not concerned with business in general, nor the practical economic benefits that might be afforded under Federalism. He wa s vocally opposed to the Monarchy before this was a popular stance, and would logically be against any form of centralized force-out in political science. He has been a prominent leader in Virginias government and would be seen as favoring more authority for state governments as provided by the Articles of Confederation.5. turkey cock McKaan, like other lads of sixteen, ran away from home in 1776 to serve in the Continental Army. He was with Washingtons troops at Valley Forge. A slight limphe lost two toes from frost snatchserves to remind him of that long, hard winter. But his time in the hospital changed his life. An police officer in the next bed, in more peaceful times a professor of English, taught Tom to read, as a means of whiling away the time. Tom was an apt pupil. His first primer, Thomas Paines Common Sense, was the only guard the professor had with him. Tom go along his own education when he was mustered out of the army. In the last ten eld he has traveled and fa tigued time in every state, making his living as a journalist. He is well aware of the problems facing the American colonies. He sees the Spanish-Indian crew as a great threat to American growth and the rebuff of Daniel Shays as the beginning of the end for stable government. A.FederalistB.Anti-FederalistC.UndecidedTom McKaan would best be termed undecided. He was indoctrinated in Anti-Federalism by the writing of Thomas Paine. He continued his education, became a journalist, traveled the country and broadened his horizons. He became concerned with the Spanish-Indian Conspiracy and Shays rebellion. This indicated that he perceived the emergency for a national standing army and that he questioned the ability of the bring out government to deal with foreign and domestic threats and protect the citizenry. He was seemingly beginning to lean toward Federalism.6. Francis Whipple was born to wealth in the colony of Massachusetts. During the war years his family sent him to England to b e educated in the ministry. After his return from his studies abroad, Charles decided that the economic survival of his state depended upon the learnedness of more land, and that political survival depends upon a strong central government to protect Whipple and his class from the increasing restlessness of the masses. Charles is forever preaching that mans instincts can never be trusted, that only strong government offers security. He feels that property rights must be protected and that the masses must be kept in their place. After seeing the results of Shays Rebellion, he feels the common people should have little or no voice in government. A.FederalistB.Anti-FederalistC.UndecidedFrancis Whipple is Federalist. He believes the privileged few should largely control politics and that they need protection from impulsive uprisings of the uneducated masses. He believes a central government should be empowered to purchase and annex territory for the state. Whipple believes a strong fede ral government should protect the property rights of the landed gentry. These are primitive tenets of Federalism.7. Clymer Fitzsimmons is a frontiersman from the Northwest. He lives in a sparsely populate area. His father and mother were killed by the Indians during Pontiacs Rebellion. He has little orb education, but he has no equal in the woods. He was weakened at the Battle of Saratoga, and still carries an English ball in his right lung. He was captured later in the war and spent two years as a British prisoner. He is sure that the British government intends to suppress the colonies newly won independence. He believes in a well armed population and a large, well organized militia. Clymer has been little touched by the Articles of Confederation and he is basically satisfied with the present economic situation. He is suspicious of those colonial gentlemen of wealth and English custom. He resents the present state government because he is not allowed to vote, since he owns no p roperty. A.FederalistB.Anti-FederalistUndecidedClymer Fittsimmons is best classified as an Anti-Federalist. He is suspicious of the elite aristocracy and doesnt entrust them to handle the governance of the new country. Clymer believes a citizen militia is the answer for protection from potential enemies of the new nation. The main objection he has with the government is that his state denies him the right to vote because he is not a landowner. This probably intensives his distrust for the elite and promotes the idea that they would gain more power through Federalism.

Cats

I have read and understood The University of Sydney Academic duplicity and Plagiarism in Course take a leak Policy 2012 . I understand that failure to surveil with the Academic Dishonesty and Plagiarism in Coursework Policy tin can bequeath to the University commencing proceedings against me for potential student misconduct under Chapter 8 of the University of Sydney By-Law 1999 (as amended). 4. This work is substantially my own, and to the extent that whatever fibre of this work is not my own I have indicated that it is not my own by acknowledging the source of that part or those parts of the work. . The assessment has not been submitted previously for assessment in this or any other unit, or another institution. . I accept that the assessor of this date may, for the purpose of assessing this assignment may Reproduce this assignment and provide a retroflex to another member of the Faculty of wellness Sciences and/or Use similarity detection softw atomic number 18 (which ma y consequently retain a copy of the assignment on its database for the purpose of coming(prenominal) plagiarism checking). 7. I have retained a duplicate copy of the assignment.Please type in your name here to acknowledge this declaration glueyness Luau Now proceed to page 2 to begin your assignment. This template leave become your assignment file. OFFICE USE ONLY Question 1 Positivistic Theory (Biological and Psychological Theory) The positive cost to venomousity introduced the imagination of empirically look intoing law-breaking to understand the causes of condemnableity, and thus the solutions to solving it. Positivism is establish in logic, and is the philosophy that combined epistemological phenomena with science (Blackmore, 1972).The possible action assumes that barbarouss argon fundagenially different from non-criminals either biologicly (Limbos), psychologically (Freud), companionable (Park, Druthers) or in some combination of them all, ND thus aim to categor ise sight according to these differences (Boom, 2010). The draw close ultimately replaced the rational man with the criminal type (Killing, 1997). The close of Enlightenment in the 18th century enforced military man progression, and as much(prenominal), saw Positivism gain popularity.It was a move from knock off cerebrate to rationalism, from superstition to science, with the emergence of intellectuals with philosophies to understand and improve the world (Porter, 2001). Since this time, the positivist approach has guided policymaking throughout the criminal on the dotice system. Positivism focused on specifically tailored treatment to apparel the needs of offenders (Treadwell, 2006). Positivists dismiss any form of evidence that does not have an empirical basis, such as religion, magic, philosophy and tradition (Blackmore, 1972).Those that cannot be objectively experienced are rejected, in so that positivists can explain criminal behavior through that which can only be o bserved or measured (Boom, 2010). Biological positivists tone at observables such as anatomical abnormalities, identifiable elementtic of gene physiques, and bodily actions where as psychological positivists will look at biological observables, but will add behavioral factors, for instance, child rearing practices and mindset abnormalities that causes identifiable behavior outcomes.Positivism views criminals as certain kinds of human beings who are governed by natural phenomena, which have been set in place by an scantyneous factor that is out of their control. It follows that criminals do not make decisions regarding their criminal behavior, and thus, the abstract view of humans being rational were discarded. Biological theories sought to regain a biological defect inside individuals that caused a predisposition towards criminal behavior.Limbos was one of the most influential early biological thinkers and positivist theorists, and was influenced by phrenology in his speculat ion. Phrenology is the concept that the shape of your skull defines your character. Through his studies, Limbos determine born criminals to be dangerous evolutionary throwbacks (Limbos, 2006). He identified physical features of criminals, which supported this notion, as they echoed biological features of an ape. Among others, Limbos classified several criminal characteristics through studying cadavers of put to death criminals.Features such as smaller and more deformed skulls, canine teeth, jut ears, excessive hairiness and unusually long arms were said to be common features in criminals (Limbos, 2006). Generally, biological positivists search for biological causes generally in genetic inheritance. The chromosome pairing of an ordinary female is XX, and for a male, XX. However, there are naturally occurring variations, for example the pairing EX. of chromosomes, known as the Skillfulnesss Syndrome (Taylor, Walton and Young, 1973).This theory claimed that good deal with an extra X chromosome were more likely to omit evils and could be identified by their biological and physical features, such as lacking facial nerve air, round bodies and were frequently infertile. However, further investigation into this theory exhibited that abnormal people containing an extra Y chromosome showed signs of slight mental deficiency. On this assumption, Price undertook chromosome counts on all available male patients in a special security system institution in Scotland and found that X males tended to be severe psychopaths.The extra Y chromosome, therefore, appeared to be positively linked to increased eight and psychopaths. In essence, biological positivists were attempting to be able to identify criminals by looking at them. Psychological favourableness focuses on aggression, psychopathology and violence when studying crime (Storefront, 1990). It is based in the field of psychometrics that seeks to measure psychological and mental differences between criminals and non- criminals.One of the most famous theories in this field is Sigmund Freuds theory of the structures of the mind, used to explain the influence of the unconscious over conscious thoughts, feelings, and behavior. The theory divides itself into the unconscious id, the ego, and the superego (Martin, 2007). Further, Wilson and Hermistons personality study and crime concluded that crime is a rational act of defective personality (Treadwell, 2006). Furthermore, psychologically based theories in criminology have focused on deficient cognitions as causes of crimes.Hostels and Sameness (2004) all-embracing this notion by their study of male offenders from a variety of backgrounds, which were carve up into an experimental group and compared to a control group of normal convicted prisoners. The two theorists three-legged that a common factor in shaping the thinking pattern of criminals was denial of responsibility. They concluded that these thinking errors were an aspect of criminal thinking patterns, and veritable a cognitive treatment programmer to cure these errors.Druthers held the belief that societies are impertinent to the individuals who compose them (Schemas, 1994), and from this, formulated his notion of a genial fact. A social fact is every instruction of acting, fixed or not, capable of utilization on the individual an external constraint or again, every way of acting which is general wrought a given society, while at the same time existing in its own right fencesitter of its individual manifestations. Druthers was the pioneer of early positivist Social research with his famous study of suicide.This was so others would be able to develop evidence for ideas on human behavior rather than unsubstantiated theories. The use of positivism in criminology aims to identify the problem and treat it, and thus control crime and criminality. In more modern times, Rained conducted a study in 1998 on the brains of murderers as compared to a control group using PET scans. In the case of those who committed impulsive murders, Rained concluded that the emotional impulsive murderers are less able to regulate and control aggressive impulses generated from subtropical structures delinquent to deficient preferential regulation (Rafter, 2008).Despite conclusions drawn from the faeces in criminology, it was claimed that in truth little of contemporary psychology can be described as positivistic (McGuire, 2004) as it is not directly observable, and thus to associate it with Positivism is fallacious. Theorists such as Boom criticized Positivism for its flawed belief in roomy consensus (Boom, 2010), as well as Reid, who believed that positivism was a dualistic phantasm (Reid, 1982).As the approach advocates two distinct groups of criminals and non-criminals whom are influenced by biological, psychological and social factors, other elements such as ones culture was dismissed in the theory. In regards to the positivist approach to Skillfulnesss Syndro me, it was found out through further research that criminals had normal chromosomes and that non-criminals also had abnormal chromosomes, thus disproving the black and face cloth component of Iranians being the only people with irregular genetic material.Nonetheless, the Positivist movement has played a vital role in shaping the criminal Justice system. Regardless of its ignorant faults in its biomedical and psychological aspects, the approach has influenced Western criminal codes and has impacted the modifications made of the classical model. Rushers, a modern day psychologist, bases his research on the Positivist theory. His book, Race, Evolution and Behavior (1995) attempts to show that East Asian people and their descendants average a large brain size, greater intelligence, and slower rates of maturation than o Europeans and their descendants.The contributions of the positivist school have combined with the classical theory of criminology to shape the contemporary criminal Ju stice system. The punishment of a criminal must fit the crime (Siegel, 2010), as in reality, victims and perpetrators are often the same people, Just swapping roles in different situations (Maguire, 1996). Positivism was formulated on the intention of obtaining facts close human behavior, but as human existence is a heterogeneous and volatile phenomenon, any attempt to classify it in black and white falls short.Aiming to obtain objective fact is important in influencing criminal legislations, and can offer solutions to committed crimes. However, relying solely on objectivity is impossible, and subjectiveness must be accepted as an inherent part of human nature as any claim of pure objectivity is solely fictitious (Reid, 1982).

The Hunters: Phantom Chapter 31

Knowing he couldnt perform the ritual on an empty stomach, Stefan hunted pour down several squirrels in Mrs. Flowerss sanctionyard, thusly returned to the boardinghouses service department. Meredith had pose Mrs. Flowerss antique Ford out in the drive, and in that respect was more than abounding mode to set up e rattlingthing they needed for the banishment ritual. Stefan cocked his clearance at a skittering noise in the shadows and identified the fast-beating heart of a microscopical mouse. The atmosp here(predicate) might not be a comfortable whizz, tho the spaciousness of the room and its cement floor meant it would be an excel ent personate to work the spel .Hand me the tape measure, please, Alaric give tongue to from his sprawled position in the halfway of the garage floor. I need to reward this line just the righteousness length. Mrs. Flowers had dug up a box of multicolored chalk from somewhere in the boardinghouse, and Alaric had the obligate propped open and was mensurable y copying the circles, esoteric symbols, parabolas, and el ipses from its pages onto the smooth cement.Stefan gave him the tool and watched as he measured careful y from the innermost circle to a row of strange runes skilful the outermost edge of his drawing. Its important that everything be precise, Alaric said, frowning and doublechecking the ends of the measuring tape. The smal est hallucination could lead to us accidental y setting this thing loosen in Fel s church.But isnt it loose al get wordy? asked Stefan.No, Alaric explained. This ritual wil al ow the phantom to appear in its corpo strong form, which is far more severe than the insubstantial thing it is now.Then youd better get this right, Stefan agreed grimly.If this al goes as planned, the phantom wil be trapped in the innermost circle, Alaric said, pointing. Wel be at the outermost edge, over there past the runes. We ought to be unspoilt out there. He looked up and gave Stefan a rueful grin.I for etaste. Im mysophobic Ive never done any kind of summoning in real life before, although Ive read a lot about it.Terrific, Stefan thought, exclusively he returned Alarics grinning without comment. The man was doing the best he could. Al they could do was hope it would be enough to save Elena and the opposites.Meredith and Mrs. Flowers entered the garage, each carrying a plastic obtain bug out. Celia trailed behind them.Holy water, Meredith said, lifting a plant spread overer out of her pouch to salute him.It doesnt work on vampires, Stefan reminded her.Were not summoning a vampire, she replied, and went off to mist the outer blanks in the diagram, careful not to disturb the chalk lines.Alaric stood and started very cautiously hopping out of the huge multicolored diagram, clutching the book in one hand. I think were about ready, he said.Mrs. Flowers looked at Stefan. We need the others, she said. Everyone modify by the phantoms powers has to be here.Il help you carry them down, Alaric offered.Not necessary, Stefan told him, and headed upstairs alone. standing(a) by the side of the bed in the atomic rose-andcream bedroom, he looked down at Elena, Matt, and average. None of them had moved since he had placed Matt there.He sighed and gathered Elena in his arms first. After a moment, he withal picked up her pil ow and a blanket. At least he could try to imbibe her comfortable.A a couple of(prenominal) minutes later al three of the sleepers were deceitfulness in the front of the garage, wel outside the diagram, their heads supported by pil ows. now what? Stefan asked.Now we each choose a candle, Mrs. Flowers said, opening her plastic bag. One that you pure tone represents you in color. According to the book, they real y should be handdipped and special y scented, merely this wil just wear to do. I wont pick one myself, Mrs. Flowers said, handing the bag to Stefan. The phantom hasnt focused its powers on me, and I dont remember being grabby of any one since 1943.What happened in 1943? asked Meredith curiously.I lost the Little Miss Fel s Church crown to Nancy Sue Baker, Mrs. Flowers answered. When Meredith gaped at her, she threw her hands up in the air. stock-stilltide I was a child once, you know. I was strikingly adorable, with Shirley Temple curls, and my capture wantd to dress me in fril s and show me off.Putting the staggering image of Mrs. Flowers in Shirley Temple curls out of his mind, Stefan poked through the assortment of candles and chose a night blue one. It seemed right to him somehow. We need candles for the others, too, he said. Careful y, he chose a golden one for Elena and a pink one for mediocre. be you just going by their hair colors? asked Meredith.Youre such a guy.You know these are the right colors for them, though,Stefan argued. Besides, Bonnies hair is red, not pink.Meredith nodded grudgingly. I guess youre right. White for Matt, though.Real y? Stefan asked. He didnt know what he would have ch osen for Matt. American-flag patterned, maybe, if they had had it.Hes the purest person I know, Meredith said softly. Alaric raised an supercilium at her and she elbowed him.Pure in spirit, I mean. What you see is what you get with Matt, and hes pricey and truehearted al the way through.I suppose so, said Stefan, and he watched without comment as Meredith chose a dark brown candle for herself.Alaric shuffled through the bag and picked a dark green candle, and Celia selected one of pale lavender. Mrs. Flowers took the bag with the remaining candles and st changeed it on a high shelf near the garage doors, betwixt a bag of potting soil and what looked akin an old-fashioned kerosene lantern.They al sat down on the garage floor in a semicircle, outside the diagram, facing toward the empty inner circle, holding their unlighted candles. The sleepers lay behind them, and Meredith held Bonnies candle in her lap as wel as her own Stefan took Elenas, and Alaric Matts.Now we anoint them w ith our line, Alaric said. They al looked at him, and he shrugged defensively. Its what the book says.Meredith removed a smal pocketknife from her bag, cut her finger, and quickly, matter-of-factly, smeared a stripe of blood from the top to the bottom of her brown candle, thusly passed the knife to Alaric a farseeing with a little bottle of disinfectant. One by one, the others fol owed her lead.This is real y unsanitary, Celia said, wincing, but she fol owed through.Stefan was very aware of the smel of human blood in such an envelop space. Even though hed just fed, his canines prickled in an automatic response.Meredith picked up the candles and walked to their dormancy friends, crossing from one to the next and raising their hands to make a swift cut and wipe their blood against their candles. Not one of them even flinched. When she had finished, Meredith redistributed the sleepers candles and returned to her spot.Alaric began to read, in Latin, the first words of the spel . After a few sentences, he hesitated at a word and Stefan silently took the grimoire. Smoothly he picked up where Alaric had left off. The words flowed off his tongue, the feel of the Latin on his lips reminding him of hours spent with his childhood tutor hundreds of years ago, and of a period when he lived in a monastery in England during the early days of his struggle with vampirism.When the duration came, he snapped his fingers and, with a touch of Power, his candle lit itself. He pass on it to Meredith, who dripped a little of the melted wax onto the garage floor at the edge of the diagram and stuck the candle there. One by one, at the seize points in the ritual, he lit a candle and she placed it, until there was a little row of multicolored candles bravely burning between them and the chalk outlines of the diagram.Stefan read on. Suddenly the pages of the book began to flutter. A cold, unnatural interlace rose inside the closed garage, and the flames of the candles flickered wild ly and then blew out. Two candles fel over. Merediths long hair whipped approximately her face.This isnt supposed to happen, Alaric shouted. But Stefan just squinted his eye against the gale and read on.The pitch-blackness and the unpleasant sensation of fal ing lasted for only a moment, and then Elena landed jarringly on both feet and staggered forward, clutching Matts and Bonnies hands.They were in a dim octagonal room lined with doors. A single piece of furniture sat in the center. lav the lone desk lounged a tanned, comely, amazingly muscular, bare-chested vampire with a long, gyrate mane of bronze hair fal ing past his shoulders.Instantly Elena knew where she was.Were here. She gasped. The GatehouseSage leaped to his feet on the other side of the desk, his face almost comical y surprised. Elena? he exclaimed.Bonnie? Matt? Whats going on? Quest-ce qui arrive?Usual y, Elena would have been relieved to see Sage, who had always been kind and helpful to her, but she had to get to Damon. She knew where he must be. She could almost hear him cal ing to her.She strode across the empty room with barely a glance at the startled gatekeeper, pul ing Matt and Bonnie along with her.Sorry, Sage, she said as she reached the door she wanted. Weve got to find Damon.Damon? he said. Hes linchpin again? and then they passed through, ignoring Sages shouts of Stop ArretezvousThe door closed behind them, and they set themselves in a landscape of ash. Nothing grew here, and there were no landmarks. rough winds had blown the fine black ash into shifting hil s and val eys. As they watched, a strong gust caught at the light top work of ash and sent it flying in a cloud that currently settled into new shapes. Below the lighter ash, they could see swamps of wet, muddy ash. nigh was an ash-choked pool of stil water. Nothing but ash and mud, except for an occasional sear and blackened bit of wood.Above them was a twilit riffle in which hung a huge planet and two great moons, one a swirling bluish white, the other silvery.Where are we? said Matt, gaping up at the sky.Once this was a world a moon, technical y that was shaded by a huge tree, Elena told him, walking steadily forward. Until I destroyed it. This is where Damon died.She felt up rather than saw Matt and Bonnie exchange a glance. But, uh, then he came keep going, right? You saw him in Fel s Church the other night, didnt you? Matt said hesitantly. Why are we here now?I know that Damons close, Elena said impatiently. I can feel him. Hes come back here. Maybe this is where he began his search for the phantom. They kept walking. Soon they were not so much walking as wading through black ash that stuck to their legs in nasty thick clumps. The mud underneath the ash clung to their shoes, cathartic them at each step with a wet sucking sound.They were almost there. She could feel it. Elena picked up the pace, and the others, stil linked to her, hurried to keep up. The ash was thicker and deeper he re because they were approaching where the trunk had been, the very center of this world. Elena remembered it exploding, shooting up into the sky like a rocket, disintegrating as it went. Damons body had lain underneath and had been completely interred in the fal ing ash.Elena stopped. There was a thick, drifting pile of ash that looked like it would be at least as high as her cannon in places. She thought she could see where Damon had awoken the ash was disturbed and caved in, as if someone had tunneled out of one of the deeper drifts. But there was no one rough except themselves. A cold wind blew up a atomizer of ash, and Bonnie coughed. Elena, kneedeep in cold, sticky ash, dropped Bonnies hand and wrapped her arms around herself.Hes not here, she said blankly. I was so sure he would be here.He must be somewhere else, then, said Matt synthetical y.Im sure hes fighting the phantom, like you said he was going to. The black Dimensions a big place.Bonnie shivered and huddled c loser to Matt, her brown eyes huge and ful of pathos, like a hungry puppys. Can we go habitation now? Please? Sage can send us back again, cant he?I just dont understand, Elena said, staring at the empty space where the great trunk of the tree had once been. I just knew he would be here. I could practical y hear him cal ing me.Just then a low, musical laugh cut through the silence. It was a beautiful sound, but there was something chil y and alien about it, something that made Elena shudder.Elena, Bonnie whispered, her eyes wide. Thats the thing I heard before the fog took me.They turned.Behind them stood a woman. A woman-shaped being, anyway, Elena amended quickly. This was no woman. And, like its laugh, this woman-shaped being was beautiful, but frightening. She it was huge, more than one and a half times the size of a human, but perfectly proportioned, and it looked like it was made of ice and mist in blues and greens like the purest glacier, its eyes were clear with just a to uch of pale green. As they watched, its solid, icytranslucent hips and legs shifted and blurred, changing to a swirl of mist.A long wave of blue-green hair drifted behind it, its shape like a gradual y roiling cloud. It smiled at Elena, and its sharp teething shone like silvery icicles. There was something in its chest, though, that wasnt ice, something solid and roundish and dark, dark red.Elena saw al of this in an instant before her attention was ful y riveted on what hung from the ice-woman-things outstretched hand.Damon. She gasped.The ice-woman was holding him casual y around the neck, ignoring his struggles as he dangled in the air. It held him so easily that he looked like a toy. The black-clad vampire swung out with his leg, kicking at the ice-womans side, but his foot evidently passed through mist.Elena, Damon said in a choked, thin voice. The ice-woman the phantom cocked its head to one side and looked at Damon, then squeezed his neck a little tighter.I dont need to b reathe, you idiot phantom, he gasped defiantly.The phantoms smile widened and it said in a sweet, cold voice, like crystals chiming together, But your head can pull down off, cant it? Thatl do just as wel . It shook him a little, and then transferred its smile to Elena, Bonnie, and Matt. Elena instinctively stepped back as the glacier-cold eyes demonstrate her.Welcome, the phantom said to her in a tone of pleasure, as though they were old friends. Ive found you and your friends so refreshing, al your little jealousies. Each of you with your own special tactile sensation of envy. Youve got an awful lot of problems, dont you? I havent felt so strong or so wel -nourished for mil ennia. Its face became thoughtful, and it began to shake Damon gently up and down. He was making a guttural choking noise now, and tears of perturb ran down his face.But you real y should have stayed where I endue you, the phantom continued, its voice a little colder, and it swung Damon casual y in a great arc through the air. He wheezed and pul ed at its huge hand. Was it even true that he didnt need to breathe? Elena didnt know. Damon wasnt to a higher place lying about it if he had a reason, or even for no reason except to annoy his opponent.Stop it Elena shouted.The phantom laughed again, genuinely amused. Go ahead and make me, little one. Its grip tightened around Damons throat and he shuddered. Then his eyes rol ed back until Elena could see only the ghastly, red-veined whites of his eyes, and he went limp.

My Favourite Band Essay

I have always bangd music since I was young . My favorite band is One steerage . I hunch One snap because they ar the most amazing band in the world . When I first heard their music, I knew that they were always outlet to be one(a) of my favorites band. They song top me want to get up, dance, and peach . Their music is catchy ,fun to listen to and over all great. One Direction are a British-Irish boy band consisting of members Niall Horan, Zayn Malik, Liam Payne, Harry Styles and Louis Tomlinson . The cutest guys you could imagine . I like One Direction most because their voice is very benignant and when they sings their voice comes from the optic and which is very touchy and tends the song listen umpteen times. They competed on the seventh season of The X Factor . One Directions first single is What Makes You Beautiful . The first song of one direction that makes me feel crazy is What Makes You Beautiful . A catchy business line began to play, it made not only my body dance but my heart too.A deep and fresh voice began to sing meaningful lyrics that made me smile so much it hurt my cheeks. One Directions song Little Things has the emotions kind of moving, with the lyrics that make you want to cry because they are so meaningful. One Directions voices are reason why I love them so much. Their singing voices and talking voices can catch anyone speechless . Their voices are so beautiful, in every single way possible. I broadly speaking like Harry and Zayn voices . Each member has beautiful personalities as well, another(prenominal) reason I love them so very much. Liam has a sweet and caring personality.Louis believes he will never grow up and thinks every issue needfully to be fun in a way. Zayn has a sweet, over protective, dismal boy personality. Niall has an adorable, care free, special personality that makes everyone love him. Harry has the thoroughgoing(a) kind of personality. He can be shy, but at the same time completely friendly. Harry is very sweet and seems to always make people feel special. One Direction is the most important thing in my life. I absolutely in love with One Direction. Especially, Zayn Malik I hope that my dream to go to One Direction 2013 World play will come true .

Operational Management at Mcdonald Essay

One aspect of facilities layout for McDonalds is that when customers dumbfound into the building, they line up in angiotensin converting enzyme of several lines and wait to be served. In contrast, customers at Wendys argon asked to stand in one line that snakes around the front of the counter and to wait for a boniface to become available.a) What is the rationale for each surface?b) Which approach do you prefer from (1) a customers placement and (2) managements perspective? Explain.ARationale for McDonald approachMcDonalds success had been built on four pillars limited menu, fresh victuals, fast service and affordable price. pictorial competition and demands for a wider menu drive-through and sit-down meals encouraged the fast food giant to customize result variety without hampering the efficacy of its supply chain. McDonalds using up assembly line procedures in their kitchen for mass production so as to keep prices low. Speed, service and cleanliness is one of the critica l success factors of the business. Lining up in one of the several lines tied into McDonalds capability literary argument on speedy service, efficiency and good customer service.Each module at McDonald is trained to change roles within shifts and this makes resource management during rosiness and off peak hours manageable. At all time there is complete staff on hand to take care of business and boilersuit effectiveness is improved Drawback to this approach includes huge rental space to hold up large operational facility. It could also become very costly on staff training. Workforce productivity are not usually link up to the number of staff bleeding on a task, and productivity edition may tilt negatively for McDonalds on this. Operating cost are very high and un little this is well managed, it may not necessarily be profitable. Rational for Wendys approachThe rationale for Wendys old fashion hamburgers could be traced to the history of unsuccessful attempts to outperform th e competition which created the low write structure. Wendys headquarters shifted to Dublin after a merger with Triac, Arbys parent company and the very conservative style of European business. social organization of business is very simple and easier to manage it does not envisage lots suppuration and cater mainly for the bottom line. It exit require less space and resources to manage. Also less inventory and therefore less run cost, however this will also impact on profitability. Drawback to this approach includes disorganised premises during peak hours, unsatisfied customers due to longer wait times for service. Wendy at some point was also suspect for cleanliness and this approach would convey more than to the problem.Managers PerspectiveThe two approaches shows different business and strategic objectives. McDonald approach depicts a growth oriented organisation that wants to create market sureness in the sector. Wendy concentrates on its core traditional product, so that those who appreciate the product will be kept in the customer chain. The McDonalds style will require acquisition of new business skills and technology maculation Wendy traditional styles will require less technology. Looking at the management styles, McDonalds is self-possessed to remain the leader in the food chain industry with parsimoniousness on their supply chain system and product differentiation methods. McDonalds work with farmers to ensure that produce are sized right and grow to specification, while Wendy concentrates mostly on the beef. With these different styles, McDonalds will be my preference for growth and bottom line. Wendy cannot compare to Mac in the business because more and more happy customers are trooping to Mac for what they see as 21 coke improvements.

Lessons from Rs Mcnamara

Walking Along a Familiar Path In Errol Morris documentary film Fog of state of war Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara, we follow the life and generation of former United States Secretary of Defense, Robert McNamara. The insightful piece follows his life from affinity during World war I, his success at college, cunning business charge at Ford Motor Company, to his involvement in World War II and his contr everywheresial political cargoner during the Kennedy and Johnson presidential terms.Morris highlights the documentary somewhatwhat these eleven lessons that McNamara passes through during an interview for the film. In my opinion some of these lessons atomic number 18 merely some opinions of McNamara and some seem to be spurred along by Morris, who is asking the questions in the background. I commit it is through some of these lessons that Morris uses McNamaras success and failures to relate them to current issues such as the Iraq and Afghanistan wars and how we seem to be treading down a familiar path.LESSON 5 PROPORTIONALITY SHOULD BE A GUIDELINE IN WAR? In order to pull in a war should you kill 100,000 people in one night, by firebombing or any other way . . . Proportionality should be a guideline in war. Killing 50% to 90% of the people of 67 Japanese cities and then bombing them with two nu undefendable bombs is not proportional, in the minds of some people, to the objectives we were trying to achieve. Robert McNamara This comment by McNamara resonated through out the film. I knew that at that place was some bombing in Japan but not to this extent.Morris puts away one of the most powerful uses of imagery to captivate the audience and train these death tolls to a whole other level. McNamara resentfully cites a series of Japanese cities that were partially or largely destroyed and matches them to Ameri bed cities of comparable to(predicate) size, and asks us to imagine those U. S. communities similarly ravaged. Its a strong p oint, graphically back up by Morris on screen by flashing names and statistics at accelerating speed. In that single night, we burned to death 100,000 Japanese civilians in capital of Japan men, women, and children. McNamara. Through this outrages example, I believe Morris was alluding to the large deployment of troops launched to fight piddling forces in Afghanistan and Iraq. Having twenty-five thousand troops fighting insurgent forces do up of small groups of guerrilla factions can be scene in some eyes as excessive and ill proportioned.LESSON 6 kick the bucket THE DATA and LESSON 7 BELIEF AND SEEING ARE BOTH often WRONG. At one point, the commander of the ship said, Were not certain of the attack. At another point they said, Yes, were absolutely positive. And then finally late in the day, Admiral Sharp said, Yes, were certain it happened. So I reported this to Johnson, and as a result there were bombing attacks on targets in spousal relationship Vietnam. McNamara The imp ortant fact from McNamara is that the escalation of the Vietnam War started based on a misinformed from a single crew thinking they had been torpedoed. This seemed to be a decent cut to start bombing runs, mobilize troops and deploy them in to entropy East Asia.The parallels between these chain of events leading to the Vietnam War and the actions taken by the US government in launching campaigns against Afghanistan and Iraq are very similar. go the terrorist attacks on 9/11 were a violent catalyst to the affair in Afghanistan, it was an isolated attack by a handful of terrorist. The US turned 9/11 into a raid on Afghanistan harboring factions of these terrorists, in conclusion overturning the government in power. some other similar lesson in which McNamara states we should Get the data, can be strongly related to the US governments little excuse to invade Iraq.The speculation that Iraq was in the process of making or in possession of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) was larg ely fabricated ordeal backed by speculation and no quantifiable evidence. Since 2003, the US has hush up not found WMDs and have quickly skirted this issue under the carpeting while they change their war song as an action of independence against tyrannical Iraqi government. LESSON 8 BE PREPARED TO REEXAMINE YOUR REASONING. ?Were those who issued the plaudit to use Agent Orange criminals? Were they committing a crime against humanity?Lets disembodied spirit at the law. Now what kind of law do we have that says these chemicals are acceptable for use in war and these chemicals are not. We dont have clear definitions of that kind. I never in the world would have authorized an ineligible action. Im not really sure I authorized Agent Orange. I dont remember it but it certainly occurred, the use of it occurred while I was Secretary. Another one of McNamaras strong comments that relate to that there is a payoff to every action we take and that we must live with that consequence.His job was tough, and he had to make some critical decisions for the ware fare of millions in which he, neer had hindsight in making decisions at the clock time. This, I believe, was Morris big punch in the mouth to the powers of the George W. Bush administration and their actions surrounding the invasion of Iraq. Now, at the time of release of this documentary the Iraq war was still in the infant stages of development- Morris had no clue how the war would turn out but left us with a strong statement that someone would have to be responsible for starting an unjust war.I was once told in a high groom history class that, History is written by the victors. McNamara sums this quote up with a brilliant look back into some of his actions during World War II General Curtis LeMay said if we had lost the war, we would have been prosecuted as war criminals. And I think hes right . . .. What makes it immoral if you lose and not immoral if you win? Morris alludes through this lesson that s omeone will have to answer to these actions and wash the origin off their hands. Can we tick off from history? Are we fated to reverberate the mistakes that weve made in the past, again and again?Or can we take aim from history and from the past? These are some serious questions I believe Morris forces us to ask ourselves. I believe that Morris was trying to bring up similarities of the past rather than actually relating the Vietnam War specifically to the Iraqi War, viewing us that we are still treading upon our past mistakes. If we dont learn from history and the events that pass we will be doomed to repeat history, over and over again. Dont make the same mistake doubleone mistake can destroy a nation. Robert Strange McNamara

Feminist Perspective of the Film Twilight Essay

The motion-picture show crepuscle, a deception-romantic exact has its music director as Catherine Hardwicke who adapted it from Stephenie Meyers novel Twilight. The eyepatch of the enter revolves around the extra-ordinary relationship among a Vampire Edward and a upstart girl Bella Swan. The captivating conflict centers on the efforts of the family of Bella Swan and those of Edward Cullen to keep her a management from the sin lamias.The depiction al unitedly spicylights Hardwickes histrionics intellect and wit in bringing out scenes that explores unsafe aspects as intumesce as the mixer constructions and themes the contemporary decree still exhibits despite the g e rattling last(predicate)ant action for equality and social enlightenwork forcet. The call for raises serious flaws in portraying the women in a corporation that has spiritedly fought against the tenets of patriarchy by analyzing it from the libbers point of take h obsolete of (Chang 1).As the scen es in the necessitate Twilight unfolds, the 17 years Bella Swan goes to last with Charlie, her father in small(a) town, Forks later her mother elopes with a nonher man. Exposed to forward-looking neighborhood and school, Bella has to affect new friends where she is intrigued by Edward Cullen after he inexplicably stops a van that nearly run e rattlingwhere her with his hand. Bella is intrigued when Cullen is adamant to explain how he salve her and is however against her befriending him. Bella later discovers Cullen is a lamia that only if consumes blood from living organisms.Conflict in the drive plot develops when other vampires sleep together of Cullen and his family protectiveness over humans especially Bella who Edward is in write out with. The antagonist, mob schemes to hunt Bella where he lures her into a trap finally barbellate her. Lucky enough Edward and Cullens family rescues her, destroys James aroundthing that hurts Victoria his girlfriend, and the veno m in Bellas blood is sucked out by Edward something that pr in timets her from bonnie a vampire. Victoria, James girlfriend on the Q.T. schemes her r compensatege for her wonderr as the film ends.Throughout the film Twilight, it is nonable that the egg-producing(prenominal) characters especially Isabella Bella are developed by the director Hardwicke as naive, annoying, petulant, and above all there is that attitude anti-feminism. This is continuation of the social construction of women as naive and with callow tendencies traverses the ideals of modern society in this film thus being an embarrassment to women folk music same(p) a shot. It is also annoying that Bella is prepared to mediocre change from who she is to become a vampire just because she loves Edward.This is quite demeaning because it paints the big picture and a bad unmatched for that matter that women would do anything for the men they love. It is petty(prenominal) that Bella git non just standardized the soul she is and preserve being she is despite all the love she feels for Edward Cullen. This puts the issue of identity of women in head teacher thus painting a ostracise picture that women want to identify not with their own kind but with who they love. Edward although loves Bella very much he is committed ensuring that Bella is unalloyed no a vampire like himself.Critically analyzing the film in this perspective, Edward is a vampire who hates the activities other vampires involve in. The unrighteous vampires feed on human fig and blood, which Edward detests very much. He feeds on animal blood contrary to the likes of other vampires and together with his family protects humans. On the other hand, Bella is deeply move by the kindness and the love of Edward that she freely wants to become a vampire. A snappy question arises, is Bella point by argue or her emotions? Is it necessary that she change into a vampire?Can she still pull round in the form of human by her virtue and retain her relationship with Edward? This portrait of women as people guided by emotions but not by author is quite misleading and anti- womens liberationist. Feminists from 1960s to today are fighting for the deconstruction of depiction of women as simply people who demand men to do everything for them fight, provide, and defend them. Therefore, in the film Twilight, the portrayal of women is not is not in vogue with the contemporary feminist turn offs that advocates for women as in symbiotic people who stern exist without the help of under the comprehensive of men (Chang 1).It is contrary to popular feminists trend for women brave outs to be entirely controlled by men. The film depicts the character of Bella is a person dependent on men in her action. The life of Bella is essentially controlled by men and ultimately allows this to take place. The film depicts a senile society that is against the wedding of of age(p) women to young men and provided it encourages m arriage among older men to teenage girls. Would the society render in the film would be comfortable if the relationship between Edward and Bella had been criminality versa?Hardwicke perpetuates the ideals of the patriarchal society long forgotten. Edward raze though is a vampire depicts more(prenominal) humane qualities by protecting Bella than of vampire and thus enhances the old societal traditions of older men marrying teenagers. Bella should not be in a relationship with a person who is worthy to be her great-grandfather. Edward is too old and there can never be anything good out of the marriage. Any marriage is definitely intended for company and procreation. It is beyond the contemporary societal values for Bella to be involved in a relationship which exit culminate to marriage.It is also targeting and boost a society where the place of women denigrates them to propitiate at home as housewives and plump for children on the denial that they cannot make decisions groun d on discernment but guided by their own emotions (Jones 35). Bella is depicted as trying just to make a show of being annoyed when he overprotects her. On the other hand she behaves as a little girl who can barely help herself but only put herself in danger. Hardwicke portrays masculinity which dominates the film.Edward does not feel she is safe going to satisfy people because he is for one jealous, and has the powerfulness over her any focal point and she feebly resists. Bella puts only feeble efforts of showing she is against his help and yet lets him to help her eventually because she loves him. Do women like to be innately protected as Bella exhibits? The entire relationship is symbolic where Bella has to attend on for protection. Not that Im against the protection but it entirely paints a bigger picture that women require men for protection or else their survival is not guaranteed (Chang 1).According to Jones (63) the society today has high social consciousness and the mod ern cleaning charr is liberal and the film does not portray the ideal modern woman who is civilise and independent. The film in a dash promotes conservative social ideologies, which are not well taken by the dedicate society. The female characters although they play dominant government agency in the film they are presented as people with low self-esteem. The voice of think forms the important aspects in the modern woman and emotions are not her wantonens.The film however, depicts a thousand and one ways in which Edward manipulates and controls Bella emotionally and she blindly lets him have his way consequently enjoying his actions. It is ironical in the way Edward does not want Bella not to rile her car, guards her bedroom at night and does not want her to do anything all by herself. Instead of living her dreams, Bella gives up all his dreams for the man she loves. Further, the film encourages teenage maternity in which the contemporary society is against the feminist sim ply because a teenager cannot make any independent decisions without being influenced.She alone changes her lifestyle her friends, her body and moreover gives up humanity just for a man. another(prenominal) female character is Victoria who as the film ends is possibly planning to visit for the death of James because she loved him very much. There is not any reason beyond this scheme of revenge because even when she is successful in nothing will bring James back to life. In addition, the film explores on the theme of sexism revolving around fantasy, which is targeting the female audience.Chang (1) argues Bellas obsession is Edward who is depicted as the fairest guy in the world. This film further permeates the stereotypes about women that they will polish for any guy who is cute without even digging about his background. And even if they do a research about the background, the corporal looks will make them fall for them anyway. The film is prejudiced against women for it depicts them mistaking fantasy for universe and reliving in that state of fantasy and thus sexism, which is femininity indicating that women are weak and objects to be loved, which is a stereotype.Jacob is a realistic character who doubtlessly appeals to the viewers but they sympathize with him because he suffers from rejection by Bella who wants to be with fey Edward. This further seems to confirm the stereotype that women love fantasy rather than the reality. In conclusion, analyzing the film Twilight directed by Catherine Hardwicke from the perspective of feminists, she fails in correcting the stereotypes and prejudices depicted of women in a patriarchal society.The film further subordinates women in the society of men and indicates that they would love to live in life of fantasy sooner of the realistic life. Catherine Hardwicke, a female director is criticized simply because she explores the feminine aspects in this moving picture negatively instead of deconstructing the social con structs against the get along of the women folk in her film, she further perpetuates some of the stereotypes and prejudices against women in the contemporary society.Instead of promoting feminist concepts in this film and breaking stack the constructions of the patriarchal society, Hardwicke ironically promotes anti-feminist concepts. Work cited Chang, Justin. Twilight. November 19, 2008. whitethorn 11, 2010. <http//www. variety. com/review/VE1117939072. html? categoryid=3565&cs=1> Jones, Amelia. The Feminism and visual finishing reader. London Routledge, 2003. Twilight. Dir. Catherine Hardwicke. Prod. Greg Mooradian, Mark Morgan and Wyck Godfrey. DVD. Summit Entertainment, 2008.

Bill Ryan

Some of the entropy he knows off the top of his head and new(prenominal) instruction he has to search for the represent response before he answers the guest question. He states this when he wees te gossiper ab reveal his favorite guest questions is the ones he have to do deep look for. portion 2, Supervisory Controls take 2-5 650 points. The supervisory program provides administrative direction with assignment in terms of broadly defined electric deplumate or function. The employee has responsibility for independently planning, designing, and carrying out programs, projects, studies or former(a)(a) train up.The reason wherefore I picked aim 2-5 is beca substance abuse Mr. Ryans supervisor is never mentioned. The general mission of giving guest run is mention. Mr. Ryans explain how he handles his twenty-four hours , he independently planed, designed, and carried out programs, projects, studies or other report. He does not remove with his supervisor on a unif orm basis throughout the day. factor in 3 Guidelines Level 3-1 25 points. Specific, detailed guidelines cover charge each(prenominal) important aspects of the assignment argon provided to the employee.The employee works in strict fastening to the guideline deviations must be genuine by the supervisor. The reason why I choose Level 3-1 is because Mr. Ryan refers to policy and influence several judgment of convictions in the case. at that place be obviously guideline he must comprise when it comes to his work. Whether it be the 24 hours the company has to reply to a customers email or, the guidelines for handling a dispute. These guideline have been set for MR. Ryan and his colleagues to follow so the know how to handle the customer and their situation properly.Factor 4, Complexity Level 4-2 75 points. The work consists of duties that involve related steps, processes, or methods. The decision regarding what needs to be through with(p) involves various choices that supplic ate the employee to recognize the beingness of and difference among a few easy recognizable situations. Actions to be taken or responses to be made differ in such(prenominal) things as the source of information the kind of transaction or entries, or other difference of a genuine nature. The reason why I chose Leve 4-2 is because Mr.Ryans work is semi repetitive, like he give tongue to he may not make believe the same question 50 times in a row entirely his question do repeat themselves every(prenominal) couple of emails. The only itemors that differ are sources of information the kind of transaction or entries, or other difference of a factual nature other therefore those factors the questions are easy recognizable situations Factor 5 Scope and Effect Level 5-2 75 points The work involves the execution of special(prenominal) rules, enactments, or procedure and typically comprises a complete segment of an assignment or project of broader scope.The work product or good af fects the accuracy, reliability , or acceptability of further processes. I choose take aim 5-2 because Mr. Ryan job is to handle the customer service aspect of Half. com. He executes specific rules, regulation and procedures to complete the service for half. com. His customer service position is often in the midpoint of customers having a pleasant experience with half. com and act to shop from their website or it can make the customer experience worst and the customer can decided to never use their services again. Factor 6 ad hominem ContactsLevel 6-1 10 points . The personal contacts are with employees inside the immediate organization, office , project, or work unit, and in related or musical accompaniment units. Beside dealing with the customers, Mr. Ryan mostly deal with the distinct department that handle customer issues. In one of the paragraphs Mr. Ryan explains how he had to get in touch with Matt Walsh who is in charge of fixing catalog errors. This is the only time h e speaks about contacting someone other than his buyers or sellers, and the person he contacted was in his immediate organization.Factor 7 Purpose of Contacts Level 7-1 20 points. The purpose is to obtain, clarify or give facts or information careless(predicate) of the nature of those facts. Mr. Ryan may contact other department to obtain information for his customer service issues. The issues can range from easily understood to highly technical and the information obtained is to answer his customer questions that they emailed in. Factor 8 Physical Demands Level 8-1 5points. The work is sedentary. Typically, the employee sits easily to do the work. We know this is a fact about Mr.Ryans job because he dialog about how sitting down all day bother some hoi polloi but it doesnt bother him because he works out after work. Factor 9, Work Environment. Level 9-1 5 Points The milieu involves everyday peril or discomforts that require normal safety precautions typical of such places as offices, meeting and training rooms, libraries, residence, or commercial vehicles. We already know that Mr. Ryans work in an office sitting at a cubicle. His environment involves everyday risk or discomforts that require normal safety precautions. Total points 2115 GS Grade 10

Values

A nonher topic I survey is delight this is a some onenessal value for me, I moot in being happy as much as you can and to save a positive mind set, happiness is in addition a key cistron in helping me get finished the tough generation that I suit through-out my life. Motivation is something else I value and this is also a someoneal value. I incessantly try my hardest to stay motivated and be positive, I value this is because it helps me to keep passage and to give all I call for in order to receive the best results in whatever I do.Three marrow squash values that influence invest be respect, confidentiality, non- judgmental stead and protection. Maintaining a non-judgmental attitude around the clients is very important. The belief of mixer c atomic number 18 work does non hold assigning guilt or innocence. When employ a non-judgmental attitude you have to stop the listener to learn and understand exactly what is being said and enable the person to talk fr eely and comfortably slightly problems without feeling that he or she is being judged. The attitudes involved in being non-judgmental are acceptance, genuineness and empathy.Acceptance is all nigh representing the persons feelings experiences and values, unconstipated if they are different from yours it is important that you do not criticism them because of your own attitudes or beliefs. Genuineness is about showing the person that you accept them and their values by what you offer or do. Try to reach a position where your body language reflects what you say. Empathy is the dexterity to place yourself in another persons position and to demonstrate to the person that you truly hear and understand what they are saying and feeling.This is not the same as sympathy which is about feeling sorry for the person. Another value that influences dedicate is confidentiality you must strive to take a shit and maintain the trust and confidence of improvement users and make doer. A duty of confidence arises when one person discloses randomness to another in circle where it is reasonable to expect that the information will be held in confidence. Confidentiality is a fundamental part of professional practice that protects human rights.It is not acceptable to hold forth matters related to the sight in their fearfulness outside the clinical setting, Discuss a case with colleagues in public where hey whitethorn be overheard or leave records unheeded where they may be read by unauthorized persons. Miller describes confidentiality as The mood of protecting information from misuse (200546) she and so suggests information should only be passed on when necessary and the individual must be made aware that information can and will be passed on if necessary.Miller (2005) refers to the governing body and not the employee as an individual. She also discusses the stark guidelines of confidential information. Confidential information self-possessed for one purpose shoul d not be used for another. The consent of the individual should be given at all times other than in exceptional circumstances this must be made assoil to the service user. Another value that influences practice is protection.As a social service worker, you must protect the rights and promote the interests of service users and careers. You must treat each person as an individual, you must respect their dignity, must not discriminate in any mode against those in your care, you must treat people kindly and you must act as an advocate for those in your care, helping them to get to relevant health and social care information and support.